Communicable diseases spread mainly through vectors

 Communicable diseases spread mainly  through vectors

Malaria

 Descriptions 

• Malaria  is  an  acute  infectious  disease caused  by  protozoa  transmitted  to  the blood  stream  through  mosquito  vectors


Filaria 

• Causative  agent  is  parasite 

• The  filaria  worm;  Wuchereria  Bancroft 

• Adult  worm  lives  in  the  lymphatic  system  of a  man,  producing  live  embryos  which  find their  way  to  the  blood  stream

 • The  vector  for  filariasis  is  the  Culex  mosquito


Dengue

• This  is  commonest  arthropod  born  viral infection  in  human 

• 5  to  100  million  cases  occur  every  year with  over  10000  deaths  from  dengue hemorrhagic  fever 

• Dengue  is  caused  by  a  flavi  virus  and found  mainly  in  Asia,  south  America  and Africa

.Four  different  antigenic  varieties   of dengue  virus  are  recognized

 • All  are  transmitted  by  Ades  aegypti

 • Human are  infective  during  1st  3 days  of illness • Mosquito  become infective  about 2 weeks  after feeding  on an  infected individual 

• The disease  is  usually endemic


Japanese  Encephalitis

 • J.E  is  caused  by  arbovirus

 • Virus  infect  animals  such  as  pigs, buffaloes  and  cattle's 

• Pig  –  mosquito-  Man

 • Transmitted  by  a  mosquito  which breeds  mostly  in  the  rice  field,  and belongs  to  the  culet  family


Rabies

.Caused  by  Rhabdovirus

 • The  virus  has  a  marked  antiunity  for nervous  tissues  and  the  salivary  glands It  exist  two  major  epidemiological  settings

 • Urban  rabies,  is  most  frequently transmitted  to  human  through  rabid dogs  and  less  frequently  cats

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