Lakmi

Dark night      It was a rainy day. I was in bed reading a book. Suddenly the lights when off, I went to the window and looked out. The entire environment pitch dark and gloomy. Then there was thunder, lighting and a heavy downpour.      My parents gone out an official matter. They said they will come back soon. I was alone at home. Although it was pitch dark I felt lazy to light a candle.      All the doors were looked. Thinking my parents to return home I open the front door with the help of a candle. Not that I felt worried, scared and frightened. Then came a strong blowing and knocked of the candle. This made the more frightened and I left chilly. Immediately I close the door. Then I started looking in the dark for a torch. Luckily it was on the table. Umbrella to was there. Then I flash the torch to open the front door after locking the door, went in search of my parents. While I was in the move a strong wind carried away my umbrella. Th...

  How modern communication methods have enhanced the quality of human life.           Communication is a process of transferring one’s feeling or ideas to an another by dialogue writing and expression. This can be observed even among animals. For example, deer in case of danger, inform others and run away calling for others. In the past there was not much of facilities for communication. The people had used various methods of sending massages. Our history says birds were selected to carry the massages to the destiny. Gira sandeshaya, Salalihini sandeshaya, Savul sandeshaya are the examples for this. The drums were used by the kings to send massages to the citizens.           Electronic equipment has taken the leading place in this task. With the advance of science, the field of communication has improved a lot. The printing media in Sri Lanka was started in the beginning of 18 th century...

  The Taj Mahal        The Taj Mahal is located on the right bank of the Yamuna River in a vast Mughal garden that encompasses nearly 17 hectares, in the Agra District in Uttar Pradesh. It was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal with construction starting in 1632 AD and completed in 1648 AD, with the mosque, the guest house and the main gateway on the south, the outer courtyard and its cloisters were added subsequently and completed in 1653 AD. The existence of several historical and Quadratic inscriptions in Arabic script have facilitated setting the chronology of Taj Mahal. For its construction, masons, stone-cutters, inlayers, carvers, painters, calligraphers, dome builders and other artisans were requisitioned from the whole of the empire and also from the Central Asia and Iran. Ustad-Ahmad Lahori was the main architect of the Taj Mahal.      The Taj Mahal is considered to be the greatest architectural ach...

 Antibiotics What are antibiotics?  -Antibiotics are medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals. They work by killing the bacteria or by making it hard for the bacteria to grow and multiply. Antibiotics can be taken in different ways: Orally (by mouth). This could be pills, capsules, or liquids. Topically. This might be a cream, spray, or ointment that you put on your skin. It could also be eye ointment, eye drops, or ear drops. Through an injection or intravenously (I.V). This is usually for more serious infections. What do antibiotics treat? Antibiotics only treat certain bacterial infections, such as strep throat, urinary tract infections, and E. coli. You may not need to take antibiotics for some bacterial infections. For example, you might not need them for many sinus infections or some ear infections. Taking antibiotics when they're not needed won't help you, and they can have side effects. Your health care provider can decide the best treatment for ...

 Introduction to nutrition   Nutrition is defined as the processes by which an animal or plant takes in and utilises food substances. Essential nutrients include protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals and electrolytes. Normally, 85% of daily energy use is from fat and carbohydrates and 15% from protein. In humans, nutrition is mainly achieved through the process of putting foods into our mouths, chewing and swallowing it. The required amounts of the essential nutrients differ by age and the state of the body, for example: physical activity, diseases present (e.g. prostate cancer, breast cancer or weakened bones – known as osteoporosis), medications, pregnancy and lactation. Why is nutrition important?   -Nutrition is essential for growth and development, health and wellbeing. Eating a healthy diet contributes to preventing future illness and improving quality and length of life. Your nutritional status is the state of your health as determined by what you eat. The...

  Lungs        The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax). The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the lungs through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic.      The bronchioles eventually end in clusters of microscopic air sacs called alveoli. In the alveoli, oxygen from the air is absorbed into the blood. Carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, travels from the blood to the alveoli, where it can be exhaled. Between the alveoli is a thin layer of cells called the interstitial, which contains blood vessels and cells that help support the alveoli.      The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura. The same kind of thin tissue lines the inside of the chest cavity -- also called pleura. A thin layer of fluid acts as a lubricant allowing the lungs to sl...

  Communicable diseases spread mainly  through vectors Malaria  Descriptions  • Malaria  is  an  acute  infectious  disease caused  by  protozoa  transmitted  to  the blood  stream  through  mosquito  vectors Filaria   • Causative  agent  is  parasite  • The  filaria  worm;  Wuchereria  Bancroft  • Adult  worm  lives  in  the  lymphatic  system  of a  man,  producing  live  embryos  which  find their  way  to  the  blood  stream  • The  vector  for  filariasis  is  the  Culex  mosquito Dengue • This  is  commonest  arthropod  born  viral infection  in  human  • 5  to  100  million  cases  occur  every  year with  over  10000  deaths ...

 Birth Injuries  Definition    An impairment of the infants body function or structure due to adverse influences that occur at birth injuries may result from mechanical forces during birth process.     Back Ground   -0.7% birth result in birth injuries  - Birth injuries account for fewer than 2% of neonatal deaths  Risk factors   -Primi parity  • Small maternal structure • Maternal pelvic anomalies  • Prolonged or unusually rapid labour • Oligohydramnios   • Malpresentation of fetus  Use of forceps /vacuum extraction  • Very low birth weight / extreme prematurity • Fetal macrosomia / large fetal head  • Fetal anomalies • Cephalopelvic disproportion  Types  .Head & neck injuries  • Nerve injury  • Facial injuries  • Fractures  • Intra – abdominal injury • Soft tissue injuries

  Ballet dance              Ballet dance is a traditional art form that originated over 500 years ago in Italy. Though ballet dancers are trained to appear gentle and graceful in their movements, ballet technique requires a tremendous amount of strength, balance, technical skill, and  flexibility . Dance moves like arabesques, pliés, and pirouettes are part of the basic movement vocabulary of ballet. Traditionally, female ballet dancers perform end pointe meaning on the points of their tiptoes. Some of the most famous ballets include  Swan Lake ,  The Nutcracker , and   Romeo and Juliet . Ballet was first performed and practiced by nobility in rarified spaces, and is now one of the most well-known and widely-taught forms of the performing arts. Here is a brief history of ballet: Origins in Renaissance Italy : Ballet was originally taught to Italian noblemen and women at extravagant, celebratory e...

  Low country Dance in Sri Lanka           Dances in low country are highly ritualistic. This form of dance is performed to appease evil spirits which cause sickness and is thus called ‘Devil Dance’. The dancers wear masks depicting many characters varied in forms of bird, demons, reptiles, etc. There are 18 main dances related to pahatharata style known as the Daha Ata Sanniya held to exorcise 18 types of diseases from the human body. The Low country dances of the southern plains mostly spread in coastal areas such as Galle, Matara, Hambanthota etc. It has two contents of Devil dance and Deity Dance. Dances in low country are highly ritualistic. This form of dance is performed to appease evil spirits which causes sickness and is thus called ‘Devil Dance’.           The dancers wear masks depicting many characters varied in forms...

  We protect our environment           The environment is a gift created by nature. This is the gift for all mankind. One day a human being may leave the world. Sooner or later it has to be. But the environment will be everlasting until the end of the world. We as human being should always love and protect the environment because of that reason.           The human beings cannot afford to exist without the environment, but the environment can be continued without human beings. The rivers, streams, waterfalls, mountains, forests and trees are children of nature. This factors make the surroundings attractive.           The human beings gain everything for living from the environment. Out of all the air, water and food take the main roll of keep human beans alive. The nature also provides beauty for the environment for the sake of the human being...

  Television is not essential for a home           In the modern world, the television has captured the hearts of billions of people all over the world. this has become so popular among the viewers. The television is capable to bring news, views and sports live on the spot. People may be able to watch entertainments. My opinion is that the television is not an essential item for domestic use. Even without a television we can make home a peaceful and pleasant place. About forty or fifty years ago and then from, there was no television but the people enjoyed their lives better without problems.           Families, which have school going children are badly affected owing to the televisions. By watching television, the children gain more bad than the good. The housewives when they get involved watching television neglect their home front duties. Watching the television from early hours in the...

  The Olympic Games                     The world’ biggest sport festival is the Olympic Games. It is also a sports carnival. All leading sports men and women with reputation in the fields of sports participate from their countries. There are two categories, covering events for both males and females. Sports loving people all over the world make their presence to cheer up their participants for victory on behalf of their countries. It’s is a pride of represent a country at Olympic Games because of the respect and the recognition received by the winners.           The first ever Olympic Games were held in Olympia in Greece in 776 B.C. At this games there were only 14 nations representing only 241 participants. During the ancient times the winners in the Olympic Games were crowned with the wreath of laurel leaves, especially Olive.  ...

  A strange verdict from king Kekille           one day the king heard of foxes howling in the night on a rainy day. The king immediately called the chief minister and ordered him to find out the reason for the howling. The minister in return told the king that the foxes were asking for homes and house wares. Then the king gave the minister thousand gold coins to fulfill their aspirations. After taking the gold coins the minister laughed to himself and walked away.            On another rainy night the same incident took place. Once again the chief minister was called upon by the king to find out the cause. The cunning minister told the king that the foxes wanted convey their kind regards for looking to at their grievances. The king was extremely happy when he heard this story. Once again the minister laughed to himself and went away.

  Peace for my country             My country has a record of history for well over 2500 years. There have been various ups and downs from the times of ancient kings in the past during our time for the past 25 years we experienced a brutal war initiated by the world murderous armed organization known as the L.T.T.E. the country to be divided in to two parts. The country’s economy was very badly affected thousands of innocent people were murdered. Sacred place of all religions as well as government and private properties were destroyed by the terrorists. Because of this sad situation people were always living in fear and suffering. On many occasions various government of Sri Lanka tried to negotiate with the L.T.T.E. to bring a solution and to settle this problem in a peaceful manner, but failed. The intenseness of the L.T.T.E. leaders to bluff the government and by doing so to gain advantage to kill people and destroyed countries valuable properties....

  The pleasure of traveling           Traveling is very popular among foreigners and local all over the world. There are ways and means in traveling namely by land, sea and air. Apart from those, there is another section traveler makes use of their feet by walking. Walking is a good exercise which makes the body muscles work most effectively and bring down extra weight in a body.           Nowadays traveling is very much quicker and more comfortable, but somewhat expensive. There are people who travel regularly. They make use of air travel. There is a another category of people. They love to travel by sea. Although it takes much more time in traveling, they enjoy their trip leisurely. Internal traveling is mainly done by using buses, cars, caravans, coaches and trains. Traveling by train is much more comfortable and interesting when seeing the beautiful scenery on both sides, when moving ...

Life of a Journalist           A Journalist should be impartial and independent when writing, and publishing. He should act fair and square when reporting news and articles and writing stories etc. reporting genuine news to the daily newspapers and magazines, because the general public look forward to get the correct information and which is not misleading. There are various categories of Journalists. They represent electronic media and the mass media. Electronic media, the Journalist appears on live programmers on T.V. and Radio. But in mass media it is a case of writing and publishing.            They have to be fluent in expressing in their respective languages and also broad experience on matters in own one’s country as well as about the world. Their job is powerful and very important one. They should act as being guardian by showing the good and the bad to the nation. They must be able to...

  Natural disasters of the world           There are various disasters covering the world in many ways. For examples, floods, lands slides earthquakes, sandstorms, volcanoes, tornados and Tsunami are the main natural disasters of the world. Out of what is being mentioned above three categories which affect our country are floods, cyclones and only recently we met for the first time a disasters call a Tsunami.           Tsunami also affected Asian countries in the Indian Ocean. We in Sri Lanka were very badly affected. Thousands of human lives, houses and properties of individuals and of the state were lost. We faced the unnatural disaster which so much damage was caused. We didn’t have any experience pertaining to a situation of this caliber in the past. We have never experienced earthquakes, tornados and volcanoes but we have met with landslides and earth slips.     ...

  The Mahaweli Project           Mahaweli is the longest river that commences the water flow from Samanala Kanda “Adams Peak” in the Sabaragamuwa District. This river covers the vast area of 335km flow to Trincomale and then to the sea. This is the longest irrigation scheme in Sri Lanka. This scheme was inaugurated by then prime minister late Miss. Srimavo Bandaranayake and there are after during the U.N.P. government completed this project under the special accelerated program by then minister of irrigation and agriculture late Gamini Dissanayake before the due date.           The first dam was erected from Polgolla and the water was diverted to North and East. Water was then used to produce Hydro Electricity. Polgolla, Victoria, Randenigala are the three hydro electricity stations. After using water producing hydro electricity then it was diverted to various irrigation projects in the An...

  A program to educate street children in Sri Lanka           Lots of children living in shanty areas live in very small huts, they sleep and spend most of their time on the road. these children are called “Street Children”. Streets become their home at times due to lack of room in their very small huts. These poor children are left for themselves without the guidance of elders.           This has become a big problem in our society. These children have to be cared and educated. By giving an education to these children will help them to find employment. They are not attending school because they are earning money to support their families and sometimes themselves. Such children should be made to attend street schools.           Teachers should provide at least some love and care which they do not get. Without disturbing their day time activit...

  Living in the future           Future cannot be predicted at any stage. It can’t be pre-arranged on a pre scheduled. All living human being have their own wishful thinking for the future in their lives. In other words, these are imagination.           There may be predictions on so many aspects so far proved to be incorrect. But we must let our imaginations wonder at any stage. In the present world the people are engaged in various methods to uplift their lives in various projects. Among the major expectations they look forward to have a modern house, a land, a car and lot of money for existence.           With the present changing world, the parents will prefer to educate their children with the best of education for them to be qualified as Doctors, Engineers, Professionals, Scientists, Chartered Accountants, Computer specialists so on and ...